Recovery position

Chest compressions

• Place the heel of one hand in th centre of the casualty’s chest, then place the heel of your other hand on top and interlock your fingers.
• position yourelf vertically above the casualty’s chest with your arm straight
• press down on  the breast bone 4 to 5cm [1 and a half to 2 inches] then release the pressure without losing contact between your hands and the chest. Ensure that preure  not applied over the casualty’s ribs. Do not apply pressure over the upper abdomen or the bottom end of the breast bone.
• compression and release should take an equal amount of time.
• Do 30 chest compression at a rate of 100 per minute
• now combine chest compressions with rescue breathes

Combining chest compressions with rescue breaths

• Open the airway by tilting the head and lifting the chin
• nip the oft part of the casualtys nose closed. Allow the mouth to open, but maintain chin lift.
• Take a normal breathe and seal your lips around the casualty’s mouth.
• blow steadily into the casualtys mouth, while atching for the het to rise. Take about one second to make the chest rise
• keeping the airway open, remove your mouth. Take a breathe of fresh air and watch the casualty’s chest to fall as air comes out.
• Re-seal your mouth and give another rescue breathe [two in total]
• Return your hand without delay to the correct position on the breast bone and give another 30 compressions [then two more rescue breaths]
• continue repeating cycles of 30 chest compresions and 2 rescue breaths
• Only stop to recheck the casualty if they start breathing normally- otherwise don’t interrupt resuscitation

If your rescue breaths don’t make the chest rise effectively, give another 30 chest compressions, then before your next attempt-

• check the casualtys mouth and remove any visible obstruction
• recheck that there is adequate head tilt and chin lift
• Do not attempt more than two breaths each time before returning to chest compressions

If there i more than one rescuer, change over every two minutes to prevent fatigue. Ensure the minimum of delay as you change over.

Continue resuscitaion until-

• Qualified help arrives to take over
• the casualty starts breathing normally
• you become exhausted

CPR EVALUATION

We had to perform CPR on a dummy.

First we had to check for danger and remove any danger near the casualty while making sure you dont put yourself in danger. I then checked if the casualty was breathing and remove any blockage from the mouth. After i called the ambulance [or get someone else to do it].

I then compressed the casualtys chest 30 times then gave 2 rescue breaths then repeated this until they start breathing or help comes

• Some causes of burns
• Irons
• fireplaces
• radiaters
• ovens
• hot tap water
• hair straightners

First degree burns affect only the outer layer of the skin. They cause pain, redness and swelling.

Second degree burn affect both the outer and underlying layer of skin. They cause pain, redness, swelling and blistering

Third degree burns extend into deeper tissue. They cause white or blackened, charred skin that may be numb.

Do not…

• Apply ointment, butter, ice-cream, medications, cream, oil spray or any household remedy to a severe burn.
• Breath, blow or cough on the burn.
• Disturb blistered or dead skin.

1. Cool the burn

• Cool the burn immediately with cold [preferably running] water for 10 minutes.
• If water is not available, and cold harmless liquid [milk, pop etc] is better than no cooling at all. Do this first then move quickly to a water supply if you can.
• Take care not to cool large areas of burns so much that you induce hypothermia, especially with small children

1. Remove jewellery and loose clothing

• Remove any constricting items, such as rings and watche, because the area may start to swell.
• Carefully remove loose clothing, taking care that its not stuck to the burn. [if the burns are caused by chemicals be careful not to contaminate yourself or other areas of the patients body].
• Leave clothing in place if you’re not sure that it’s loose.

1. Dress the burn

• Dress the burn with a sterile dressing that wont stick to the burn. Cling film is one of the best dressing for a burn [ensure the wound has been cooled beforehand] Do not wrap the burn tightly. Alternatives could be a new, unused plastic bag, or specialised burns dressing.
• It is now recommended that all children with burns are assessed by medical staff, so advise the child’s parents to seek medical advice.
• If the burn appears severe, or the child has breathed in smoke or fumes, dial 999 for an ambulance

Refer the patient to hospital if…

• The burn is larger then 1-inch square
• The patient is a child
• The burn goes all the way around a limb
• Any part of the burn appears to be full thickness
• The burn involves hands, feet, genitals or the face.

Sympoms of shock

• A fast weak pulse
• low blood pressure
• feeling faint, weak or nauseous
• Dizziness
• cold, clammy skin
• Rapid, shallow breathing

Treatment and recovery

• Lay the peron flat and raise their legs by at least 25cm to help restore blood pressure.
• Stop any bleeding by applying direct pressure over the wound or a tourniguet on exteme limb injuries.
• Administer anaphylaxis teatment if necessary.
• Loosen tight clothing
• Keep the person warm with layers of blankets [not a hot water bottle]
• Don’t give them anything to eat or drink because of the risk of vomiting
• Call an ambulance as soon as possible

My task was to ask the casualty questions that would be useful.

The skills i used was speaking clearly and staying calm.

Things that i think went well were speaking clearly so the casualty can understand me and keeping calm helped me to remember what she had said.

However i think i could have been better if i asked more questions in a short period of time. This would be helpful for the paramedics.

The person playing my casualty was Fatima.

She evaluated my performance and said ” natalie has asked little questions, she stayed calm to make sure in alright”.

My task was to help a casualty ina situation where she gets stabbed and i had to bandage her up so the bleeding stops.

The skills i used included speaking clearly and making sure the bandage is tight.

Things that i think i did well were making sure the bandage was tight enough for the bleeding to stop.

However i think i could have been better if i applied the bandage more quickly. This will help so the casualty doesnt loss too much blood

The person playing my casualty was Fatima

She evaluated my performance and said “she tightened the bandage well and she stayed carm.”